When it comes to water treatment and water technology, a wide variety of varying technologies are required to function together, sequentially, so as to get raw water purified before it is distributed. This article offers a list of basic technologies that are frequently used in water treatment plants and works.
1. Screens
Screens are utilized on lots of surface water intakes for the removal of debris and particulate material from raw water. Debris and weeds could be removed by utilizing coarse screens, while smaller particles including fish could be removed by utilizing micro-strainers and band screens. Before coagulation or ensuing filtration, micro-strainers are utilized as a pretreatment for decreasing solids loading.
2. Gravel filters
Algae and turbidity could be removed via the utilization of gravel filters which, comprise of a tank that’s divided into varying sections and filled with gravel that’s graded (size range between 4mm and 30mm) or a rectangular channel. An inlet distribution chamber enables the raw water to get in and flow horizontally through the system’s tank, coming across, first, the coarse, and second the finer gravel. An outlet chamber gathers the filtered water together while solids that are being eliminated from the raw water accumulate on the filter’s floor.
3. Slow sand filters
Algae, turbidity, and microorganisms could also be eliminated via the utilization of slow sand filters. A reliable yet simple process, slow sand filtration if frequently quite suitable for the effective treatment of small supplies as long as enough land is available. You can get a reliable water technology company to design this for you. Usually, these filters comprise tanks that contain sharp sand (size range between 0.15mm to 0.30mm) to a depth of between 1.5mm and 1.5mm.
4. Activated carbon
Utilizing physical adsorption, contaminants could be eliminated via the use of activated carbon. This is impacted by the kind and amount of carbon, the concentration and nature of the contaminant, water’s retention time within the unit, and basic water quality (pH, temperature, and so on). One among the most common mediums is GAC (granular activated carbon), even though PAC (powdered activated carbon) as well as block carbon are sometimes used as well. Replaceable cartridges contain filter media and a particulate filter at the cartridge’s outlet is utilized for the removal of carbon fines from water that has been treated.
5. Aeration
This process is designed to introduce oxygen into water and eliminate gases as well as volatile compounds via air stripping. A common method that is commonly used is packed tower aerators due to their high energy efficiency as well as compact design. To attain air stripping, varying techniques could be utilized including diffused aeration in basins, counter current cascade aeration within packed towers, as well as spray aeration.
In conclusion, these are only five of lots of varying effective and efficient treatment technologies that are quite crucial and used by water technology companies. Surface water treatment providers take water that comes from above-ground sources, like lakes, rivers, as well as reservoirs. The raw water is subject to direct input of the environment. Consequently, multiple steps of treatment might be needed and individual processes which, will enable a configuration of varying combinations to clean and ultimately disinfect water, might be needed.